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Background: Greece achieved its independence from the Ottoman Empire
in 1829. During the second half of the 19th century and the first half
of the 20th century, it gradually added neighbouring islands and territories
with Greek-speaking populations. Following the defeat of communist rebels
in 1949, Greece joined NATO in 1952. A military dictatorship, which in 1967
had suspended many political liberties and forced the king to flee the
country, was itself overthrown seven years later. Democratic elections in
1974 abolished the monarchy and created a parliamentary republic; Greece
joined the EU in 1981.
Location: Southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the
Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey
Area:
Total: 131,940 sq km
Land: 130,800 sq km
Water: 1,140 sq km
Land Boundaries:
Total: 1,210 km
Border Countries:
Albania 282 km,
Bulgaria 494 km,
Turkey 206 km,
The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 228km
Coastline: 13,676 km
Elevation Extremes:
Lowest Point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
Highest Point: Mount Olympus 2,917 m
Population: 10,601,527 (July 2000 est.)
Ethnic Groups: Greek 98%, other 2%
Note: the Greek Government states there are no ethnic divisions in Greece
Languages: Greek 99% (official), English, French
Information courtesy of the
CIA World Factbook.
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